The Passa Dois Group (Corumbataí and Estrada Nova Formation) in the State of São Paulo, Brazil: source of raw material for the ceramics industry.

Reference	Presenter	Authors (Institution)	Abstract
16-029	Sergio Ricardo Christofoletti	Christofoletti, S.R.(Instituto Florestal); Motta, J.F.(IGCE Unesp - Rio Claro / Fund. Amparo Pesquisa Est São Paulo);	The studies show the clayey rocks of the Passa Dois Group (Corumbataí and Estrada Nova formations) present variations in their geological and ceramic technological properties along their occurrence in the State of Sao Paulo. These variations are related from different sedimentary facies to diagenetic modification processes and hydrothermal and tectonic events during post depositional evolution. In the Santa Gertrudes Ceramic Pole, in the central São Paulo State, Brazil, the Corumbataí Fm. clays supply the wall and floor ceramic tiles industry as the main raw material. In contrast, in the Porto Ferreira/Tambau and Laranjal Paulista/Cesario Lange poles, located less than 100 km far from Santa Gertrudes, Corumbatai clays are mainly used to manufacture structural ceramic products. The main difference between these clays is the higher presence of Na2O in the Santa Gertrudes pole, due to de presence of albite in clays, which given to these material an important fluxing role in the ceramic sintering process. This fact allows the local industries to manufacture a huge amount of floor and wall ceramic tiles, mainly classified as semi porous type (Water Absorption Group BIIb, according to Brazilian and worldwide ceramic tile classification). In the poles of Tambau/Porto Ferreira and Laranjal Paulista/Cesario Lange, according to the ceramic results obtained, the majority of the samples were classified as a porous material (Group BIII), with some exception (e.g. Santa Rosa do Viterbo clay, in Tambau/Porto Ferreira pole), with higher sintering characteristics. Also, it should be noted that it was found some different and especial clayey facies in the Passa Dois Group that would be used as a plastic clay in composition of porcelain stone and stoneware tiles.
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