Cell adhesion on calcium aluminate cement compositions for bone repair application

Reference	Presenter	Authors (Institution)	Abstract
02-010	Ivone Regina Oliveira	Oliveira, I.R.(Universidade do Vale do Paraíba); Origo, F.D.(Institute for Advanced Studies); Mello, D.R.(Odontology Faculty); Pandolfelli, V.C.(Universidade Federal de São Carlos);	The interactions that induce bone tissue growth in a biomaterial depend on its surface properties such as composition and roughness. Rough surfaces were found to produce better bone fixation than smooth ones, suggesting that this feature might have a direct effect on the osteoblasts adhesion and their subsequent proliferation and differentiation. In this work, some surface characteristics of CAC-based compositions containing 4 wt% additives -alumina, zirconia, zinc oxide, hydroxyapatite or tricalcium phosphate- or 1 wt% -chitosan or collagen- were evaluated. Commercial products (MTA and PMMA) samples were used as control. Roughness was measured by profilometry for samples cured at 37oC for 24 h and dried at 110oC, or after treatment in SBF for 21 days before drying. The collagen samples, MTA and PMMA, presented higher roughness values before treatment with SBF. After the SBF procedure, all samples except those with PMMA showed roughness increase, specially samples with MTA. Cell adhesion was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after contact with mesenchymal cells cultures at 37°C in CO2 for 4 days. Mesenchymal cells adhered to the compositions surface pointing out their biocompatibility. Lastly, bioactivity was measured in contact with the culture medium for periods of 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 days. The samples surfaces were compared by SEM before and after treatment in the culture medium. After exposing the samples to the culture medium, the concentration of calcium ions was evaluated by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The samples based on CAC presented deposition of apatite crystal similar to MTA. On the other hand, apatite precipitation did not occur on PMMA, keeping its roughness after SBF treatment.
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